§ 2–223.01. Definitions.
For purposes of this subchapter, the term:
(1) “Contract” means any contract for goods or services between the District government and another entity but excludes any collective bargaining agreement.
(2) “Contributing factor” means any factor which, alone or in connection with other factors, tends to affect in any way the outcome of the decision.
(3) “Employee” means:
(A) Any person who is [a] former or current employee of or an applicant for employment by an instrumentality of the District government not covered by Chapter 6 of Title 1;
(B) Any person who is a former or current employee of any entity that has a contract with the District government to supply goods or services and who is engaged in performing such contract; or
(C) Any person who is a security officer and is or was employed in that capacity by a person who or entity that provides security services.
(4) “Illegal order” means a directive to violate or to assist in violating a federal, state, or local law, rule, or regulation.
(5) “Instrumentality” means a quasi-governmental entity that operates in part with District funds, including, but not limited to, the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority, established by § 34-2202.02(a); the Health and Hospitals Public Benefits Corporation, established by Chapter 11 of Title 44; the Public Service Commission, established by § 34-801; the Washington Convention and Sports Authority established by § 10-1202.04; the Committee to Promote the District of Columbia; the National Capital Revitalization Corporation, established by § 2-1219.02 [repealed]; and the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, established by subchapter IV of Chapter 11 of Title 9.
(6) “Prohibited personnel action” includes but is not limited to: recommended, threatened, or actual termination, demotion, suspension, or reprimand; involuntary transfer, reassignment or detail; referral for psychiatric or psychological counseling; failure to hire or promote or take other favorable personnel action; or in any other manner retaliating against an employee because that employee has made a protected disclosure or refuses to comply with an illegal order, as those terms are defined in this section.
(6A) “Prohibited procurement action” includes any recommended, threatened, or actual proceeding, based wholly or in part on a protected disclosure made by an employee, officer, or owner of a contractor:
(A) Terminate a contract by default or convenience without adequate and documented justification;
(B) Unreasonably delay or withhold payment on legitimate vouchers or claims of a contractor;
(C) Impose conditions or requirements on the contractor not required by the contract;
(D) Take any action designed to or having the effect of impeding a contractor’s performance; or
(E) Take any other action designed to or having the effect of injuring the business or reputation of a contractor.
(7) “Protected disclosure” means any disclosure of information, not specifically prohibited by statute, by an employee to a supervisor or to a public body that the employee reasonably believes evidences:
(A) Gross mismanagement in connection with the administration of a public program or the execution of a public contract;
(B) Gross misuse or waste of public resources or funds;
(C) Abuse of authority in connection with the administration of a public program or the execution of a public contract;
(D) A violation of a federal, state, or local law, rule, or regulation, or of a term of a contract between the District government and a District government contractor which is not of a merely technical or minimal nature; or
(E) A substantial and specific danger to the public health and safety.
(8) “Public body” means:
(A) The United States Congress, the Council, any state legislature, the District of Columbia Office of the Inspector General, the Office of the District of Columbia Auditor, the District of Columbia Financial Responsibility and Management Assistance Authority, or any member or employee of one of these bodies;
(B) The federal, the District of Columbia, or any state or local judiciary, any member or employee of these judicial branches, or any grand or petit jury;
(C) Any federal, District of Columbia, state, or local regulatory, administrative, or public agency or authority or instrumentality of one of these agencies or authorities;
(D) Any federal, District of Columbia, state, or local law enforcement agency, prosecutorial office, or police or peace officer;
(E) Any federal, District of Columbia, state, or local department of an executive branch of government; or
(F) Any division, board, bureau, office, committee, commission or independent agency of any of the public bodies described in subparagraphs (A) through (E) of this paragraph.
(8A) “Security officer” means an individual appointed under § 5-129.02, and shall have the same meaning as provided in section 2100 of Title 17 of the District of Columbia Municipal Regulations.
(9) “Supervisor” means any individual employed by a District instrumentality, a District government contractor, or a person who or entity that employs security officers who has authority to do the following:
(A) To hire, transfer, suspend, lay off, recall, promote, discharge, assign, reward, or discipline other employees, or responsibility to direct them, or to evaluate their performance, or to adjust their grievances, or effectively to recommend such action, if in connection with the foregoing the exercise of authority is not of a merely routine or clerical nature, but requires the use of independent judgment; or
(B) To effectively recommend or to take remedial or corrective action for the violation of a law, rule, regulation or contract term that an employee may allege or report pursuant to this subchapter.
(10) “Whistleblower” means an employee or contractor who makes or is perceived to have made a protected disclosure as that term is defined in this section.
